1. 通过内部函数提高SQL效率.
   SELECT H.EMPNO,E.ENAME,H.HIST_TYPE,T.TYPE_DESC,COUNT(*)

FROM HISTORY_TYPE T,EMP E,EMP_HISTORY H

WHERE H.EMPNO = E.EMPNO AND H.HIST_TYPE = T.HIST_TYPE GROUP BY H.EMPNO,E.ENAME,H.HIST_TYPE,T.TYPE_DESC; 通过调用下面的函数可以提高效率. FUNCTION LOOKUP_HIST_TYPE(TYP IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 AS TDESC VARCHAR2(30); CURSOR C1 IS SELECT TYPE_DESC FROM HISTORY_TYPE WHERE HIST_TYPE = TYP; BEGIN OPEN C1; FETCH C1 INTO TDESC; CLOSE C1; RETURN (NVL(TDESC,'?')); END; FUNCTION LOOKUP_EMP(EMP IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 AS ENAME VARCHAR2(30); CURSOR C1 IS SELECT ENAME FROM EMP WHERE EMPNO=EMP; BEGIN OPEN C1; FETCH C1 INTO ENAME; CLOSE C1; RETURN (NVL(ENAME,'?')); END; SELECT H.EMPNO,LOOKUP_EMP(H.EMPNO), H.HIST_TYPE,LOOKUP_HIST_TYPE(H.HIST_TYPE),COUNT(*) FROM EMP_HISTORY H GROUP BY H.EMPNO , H.HIST_TYPE;